1. The arrangement of the cloth to be cut must be put on the cutting bed by the method of one and one back, the hair direction must be consistent;
2. The number of cut plush layers shall not exceed 8, T/C cloth, nylon cloth, electronic velvet, woolen cloth and other thin fabrics shall not exceed 36 layers;
3. Check whether the cutting piece is consistent with the cutting plate and whether there is any error between the top layer and the bottom layer of the cutting piece.
4. The color of the cutting is not allowed to have chromatic aberration, must be consistent with the signature. No discoloration may occur during the friction and wash test;
5. The cloth that has white edge, when cutting a bed, pay attention not to put white edge in, every cut piece has white edge should regard as unqualified product.
2>. Seam inspection:
1. Seam stop shall be no less than 3/16 “for small toys not less than 1/8”;
2. When sewing, the two pieces of cloth must be aligned and the stop should be even. Different widths and widths are not allowed. (especially circular and radian cutting seams and face sewing);
3. Stitch spacing should be no less than 9 stitches per inch;
4. There must be a return pin at the end of the seam;
5. Thread for sewing must meet tension requirements (see QA test method above) and use the correct color.
6. In the seam, the lathe worker must use a clip to pull the plush into the seam, to avoid the formation of bald belt;
7. The sewing on the cloth mark, first of all should check whether the cloth mark is correct, do not allow the text on the cloth mark, letters into the car. Cloth marks can not wrinkle, the position can not be reversed;
3.> Manual quality inspection :(inspection of finished products shall be conducted according to manual quality standards)
Handwork is the key process of toy production, and it is the transition stage from semi-finished products to finished products, which determines the image and quality of toys. Quality inspectors at all levels must strictly follow the following requirements for inspection.
A. Check whether the eyes used are correct and whether the quality of the eyes conforms to the standard. Any eyes with flecks, blisters, defects or scratches are unqualified products and cannot be used;
B. Check whether the eye pads are compatible. If they are too big or too small, they are not acceptable.
C. Understand that the eyes are fixed in the correct position of the toy, and any mistake in height or distance between eyes is not acceptable;
D. The best strength of the eye stapling machine should be adjusted when fixing the eyes, and the eyes should not be cracked or loosened;
E. Any eyewear must be able to withstand a tension of 21LBS
4.> Packaging inspection
A. Check whether the label of the outer carton is correct, whether there is wrong printing or missing printing, and whether there is useless wrong outer carton. Whether the printing on the outer box is in conformity with the requirements, oil stains or blurring is not acceptable;
B. Check whether the tag of the toy is complete and used incorrectly;
C. Check whether the playing method and position of the toy tag are wrong;
D. any serious or minor defects found in the stuffed toys must be identified to ensure that they are not defective.
According to Japanese media, countries around the world have become more dependent on China for importing medical protective equipment. China’s share of imports of personal protective equipment rose from less than 60 per cent in January to more than 80 per cent. Ninety-six percent of the medical masks used in Japan are imported from China.
According to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun on August 24, the United Nations trade statistics for May showed a surge in global trade in the four types of protective clothing (masks, gowns, protective suits and goggles) that health workers need to wear to prevent infection. As novel Coronavirus infection increases, the need for personal protective equipment increases. Freight rates have also risen because of the switch to air transport. Countries have become more dependent on China for personal protective equipment imports, with the share of Chinese products rising from an average of 59 per cent in January to 83 per cent in May.
Global trade in medical masks used by doctors and nurses rose nearly tenfold to $9.2 billion in May from about $900 million in January, the report said. Chinese products accounted for 96 percent of Japan’s medical masks imports in May, up 16 percentage points from January. Chinese products accounted for 92 percent and 93 percent of the medical masks imported by the United States and the European Union in May, up 20 and 45 percentage points respectively.
The Nihon Keizai Shimbun attributed the increased reliance on China to surging demand, while China, the first country to contain the outbreak, expanded exports of protective equipment. Developed countries have increased imports from China while reducing exports to ensure supplies of personal protective equipment. The U.S. government began restricting exports of personal protective equipment, such as surgical masks, in April, and made Chinese-made personal protective equipment a special case to support imports without additional tariffs.
First, the size: toothbrushes are generally divided into three types, infants, children and adults. The toothbrush full length, matte surface length, matte surface width, bristle height, monofilament diameter, and number of hair bundle rows were measured separately.
Second, the appearance quality of the toothbrush: including the top of the bristles should be rounded, the bristles should be smooth and uniform, the handle of the brush is good, the handle has a non-slip veneer and fulcrum, the packaging is qualified, and there is a trademark logo.
Third, the inspection method
Can use 0-150mm electronic digital calipers to measure related items, 20 samples are required, and the average value is taken. Using the bristles fixed extraction method, using a stereo microscope and camera display system, observe the shape of the end of the bristles by 40 times, and detect 20 support.
Fourth, evaluation of results
All specifications of the toothbrush should meet the standards in the table below (except for special-shaped toothbrushes and electric toothbrushes), and the pass rate of rounding of the ends of the bristles should not be less than 70%.
The second meeting of the Emergency Committee convened by the WHO Director-General under the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019 in the People’s Republic of China, with exportations to other countries, took place on Thursday, 30 January 2020, from 13:30 to 18:35 Geneva time (CEST). The Committee’s role is to give advice to the Director-General, who makes the final decision on the determination of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). The Committee also provides public health advice or suggests formal Temporary Recommendations as appropriate.
See below some main comments/conclusion from the WHO meeting.
The Committee does not recommend any travel or trade restriction based on the current information available.At present, the Chinese government is taking the most powerful measures，and everything is under control. Life is normal in most other parts of China by far, with only a few cities like Wuhan affected. I believe it will all return to normal soon.
Below Are WHO’s Suggestions To the People’s Republic of China.
Continue to:
Implement a comprehensive risk communication strategy to regularly inform the population on the evolution of the outbreak, the prevention and protection measures for the population, and the response measures taken for its containment.
Enhance public health measures for containment of the current outbreak.
Ensure the resilience of the health system and protect the health workforce.
Enhance surveillance and active case finding across China.
Collaborate with WHO and partners to conduct investigations to understand the epidemiology and the evolution of this outbreak and measures to contain it.
Share relevant data on human cases.
Continue to identify the zoonotic source of the outbreak, and particularly the potential for circulation with WHO as soon as it becomes available.
Conduct exit screening at international airports and ports, with the aim of early detection of symptomatic travelers for further evaluation and treatment, while minimizing interference with international traffic.
The theory of international trade liberalization. According to the actual situation today, the comparative advantage of developing countries is labor, so they should produce labor-intensive products (such as clothing) in exchange for capital-intensive products (such as machine tools); in contrast to developed countries, their comparative advantage is Capital and technology, so capital-intensive products (such as cars) should be produced in exchange for labor-intensive products (such as food). Through this division of labor, countries can achieve the optimal allocation of resources, thereby maximizing economic benefits. Of course, because obstacles between countries cannot be completely eliminated (such as the free movement of labor), and national security considerations (such as the need for a certain degree of self-sufficiency in food production), it is impossible to achieve a complete international division of labor, so in reality In an incomplete division of labor. The problem is that this incomplete division of labor should eliminate obstacles to the greatest extent and achieve free trade as much as possible.
Compared with the incomplete division of labor, the more important problem is that countries tend to adopt protectionist measures, including setting import tariffs and import quotas, as well as technical, safe, sanitary and other restrictions. At the same time, many measures have been taken to encourage exports and restrict imports, such as subsidizing export companies, providing low-interest loans to foreign companies buying domestic exports, and dumping. What these measures and policies have in common is to restrict imports and encourage exports, with the result that they distort commodity prices, reduce (or improperly expand) trade volumes, reduce efficiency, and reduce returns. Most protectionist measures restrict imports and encourage exports, which is a reflection of mercantilist thinking and a lack of security. Mercantilism advocates the idea that international trade is over, and importing precious metals is a kind of zero-sum game. They have not seen the side of international division of labor and equal trade that can promote economic growth, that is, they do not know that free trade can increase wealth.
Many people do not understand that the original intention of countries to adopt trade protection measures is to protect their own interests, but the original intention cannot be achieved as a result, often contrary to expectations. First, restricting the import of foreign goods does not necessarily promote domestic exports. Because it is the lack of competitiveness of domestic products that leads to unsound exports and even deficits. Taxing foreign products does not improve the competitiveness of domestic products. Second, the taxation of foreign goods is likely to cause countermeasures by the target countries, that is, retaliation, which will increase the price of domestic exports and reduce the number of exports. Third, the implementation of protection measures is to give domestic enterprises the opportunity to increase exports, but domestic companies do not necessarily act in accordance with the government’s intentions, and it is likely to take advantage of protection measures. On the one hand, it pushes up the price of domestic goods, increases the burden on consumers, and reduces domestic welfare; on the other hand, companies are prone to rely on ideas and even lobby the government, thereby further deteriorating the market environment.
The speed of international trade growth and the degree of opening up can also be observed through trade dependence. According to the historical experience of the economic development of various countries, with the development of the economy, the degree of opening up of a country has gradually expanded, including international trade, international investment, and personnel exchanges. A rough measure of the degree of opening to the outside world is the ratio of total import and export trade to GDP, which is often referred to as trade dependence. You can also use export dependence (the ratio of total exports to GDP) and import dependence (the total of imports and GDP ratio).
The Dilemma of Global Trade Liberalization
Political Economy of International Trade. The issue of international trade has been one of the important fields of economics research since the theory of comparative advantage was proposed by classical economists. After the expansion and development of modern and modern scholars, a very complete theoretical system has been formed. For example, in international trade, countries produce according to their own comparative advantages, and then exchange with other countries, so that all countries can improve their welfare. This has been recognized by academics as a classic, and some people have won the Nobel Prize in Economics. However, these theories have an important foundation, that is, free trade, that is, all international trade theories are developed under the assumption of free trade. However, in reality, there is almost no free trade. Only a few countries and regions are close to free trade, such as Singapore and Hong Kong, where import tariffs are close to zero. In other words, most countries and regions intervene in international trade to some extent, and as long as the intervention inevitably distort commodity prices, thereby undermining the principle of fair trade. For example, the import tariffs reflected in the Sino-U.S. Trade friction are the most typical protectionist means. Compared with other protection means, its features are clear and easy to calculate. For example, if a 25% import tariff is levied, the original US $ 100 product will become US $ 125, and consumers in the importing country will reduce their purchases, and exports from the exporting country will be blocked.
Since free trade is the best and it can maximize the benefits to participating countries, why should countries impose restrictions? This requires an explanation from the perspective of both producers and consumers. Consumers will benefit from free trade, while domestic producers may go bankrupt due to the impact of imported goods. This leads to a paradox: if international division of labor is based on comparative advantage, countries can only produce goods with comparative advantage, and import goods without comparative advantage. However, as a result of this division of labor, two phenomena will occur: one is that according to the principle of increasing costs, countries cannot achieve complete division of labor, so there must be some sectors that do not have comparative advantages; and the other is that even if complete division of labor can be achieved, countries Will become countries that rely heavily on other countries. Because no country can have a comparative advantage in all areas, this is unacceptable to many countries, especially large countries. Since each country needs an industry that does not have a comparative advantage, it can only achieve its existence and development through protection. This is the theoretical basis of protectionism. It also has a reasonable side. It protects domestic producers while protecting consumers. . Because if the division of labor is completely based on comparative advantage, many industries and enterprises will go out of business, and workers will lose their jobs. Without income, workers will not be able to talk about consumption, and imports will not increase.
Having said that, protectionism is prone to flood under various pretexts, which is obviously not good for the world economy or for the domestic economy. Because excessive protectionism not only hurts most consumers, it is also unfair. Many protected sectors and industries may not be really needed because of their strong political power. This point exists to varying degrees in both developing and developed countries, that is, to implement unreasonable policies under the guise of reasonableness, which is also contrary to WTO principles. Extremely speaking, all protectionist policies are based on politics, not economics. The basic logic of political science is the principle of mechanics in physics, and whoever has the power has the final say. Economics is based on the principle of fairness and opposes monopoly. This is the same regardless of the political system of each country. Politicians and governments consider political stability and the support of voters. Therefore, international trade in reality is far away from economics, and more political science is playing a role. Another important aspect of political science is the game, which is particularly prominent in international trade, from GATT to WTO, to bilateral negotiations and changeable negotiations between countries. China’s long-term negotiations to join the WTO, its commitments to join the WTO, and the various trade disputes it encounters afterwards are all a process of gaming.
The world is dividing. The level of economic development of countries in the world today is uneven, and there are many problems. Many problems cannot be solved through trade liberalization. Some problems are internal to the country and some have a long history. For example, in the poorest and most backward regions in the world, sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Central Asia lack basic conditions for economic development and cannot be resolved for a long time. Either there is political chaos, you fight for it, or there is a lack of resources and no economic foundation, or it is damaged by war and the trauma is difficult to repair.
However, it has to be acknowledged that the trend of economic globalization and trade liberalization has brought about further differentiation. Some countries have benefited greatly from this, and some have been left behind to keep up with the times. We can find that the economic development of countries in the world has been very different over the past few decades. Some countries have achieved rapid development and entered the ranks of middle-income countries (such as China). Or follow the traditional development trajectory, or fail to make breakthroughs due to policy errors (such as India); some countries have a poor foundation, and for other reasons, have been underdeveloped for a long time (such as most countries in sub-Saharan Africa ). Although the division of these countries cannot be attributed to trade liberalization, some of the problems are indeed related to them. Generally, developing countries export primary products and import industrial manufactured products. Compared with industrial products, the prices of primary products are lower and they are prone to fluctuations. Without a certain degree of restrictions, it is difficult for developing countries to pass international Trade achieves economic development.
At present, the full recovery of the Russian economy, resulting in a large Russian market capacity. Limited to Russia’s own level of development, its demand for many Chinese products is strong. However, many products in the Russian market is still very unfamiliar, leading to the opening up difficulties, which requires domestic enterprises to really go deep into, rather than just dabble in.
For the economic situation of Russia, the national economy has a solid foundation and huge economic potential. Industry, agriculture and transportation have reached a relatively developed level; Strong industrial base, mainly machinery, steel, non-ferrous metals, petroleum, natural gas, coal, forest industry and chemical industry; Energy, textiles, ammunition and so on are also very developed.
China occupies the first place in Russia’s import market of mechanical and electrical products, base metals and products, textiles and raw materials, miscellaneous furniture and toys, plastic rubber, shoes and umbrellas, and optical clock and clock medical equipment. Germany is China’s biggest competitor in the export of light industrial products, plastic and rubber, optical clock medical equipment to Russia. China accounted for 8.6 percent of Russia’s transportation equipment imports, 7.8 percentage points lower than Japan and 6.6 percentage points lower than Germany.
The Russian market is the best litmus test for Chinese companies looking to launch their own branded products abroad. Do not need to invest too much capital, find the corresponding consumer groups, you can just as in the domestic brand operation, start the operation of overseas brands.
In particular, some enterprises like franchising can also find a huge market in Russia, because for russians, all brands are fresh, they do not have much loyalty to product brands other than luxury goods.
Chinese household appliances are popular. Compared with other countries, the biggest advantage of Chinese household appliances lies in low price and good quality.
Russian market access threshold is not high, the market potential is huge, Russia’s developed financial credit business for the domestic residents to buy credit to provide financial support.
In Russia, for lack of foreign exchange, they prefer barter trade in foreign trade. Since barter trade has many forms, such as resale trade arrangement, compensation trade, clearing account trade, etc. This complicates trade negotiations.
It should be noted that if the russians offer to pay for your goods only if you accept their barter or help them sell certain items to third parties, then you must carefully consider the time, risk and cost involved.
Economic globalization is the increasing interdependence of national economies that has resulted from growing levels of trade between nations. This integration of the world’s economies is possible as a result of technological advancements that allow for quicker communication around the world, as well as drastically reduced costs of shipping goods. Today, it is possible for companies to manage production of goods efficiently, even when production facilities are on opposite ends of the world.
An important result of economic globalization is the increasing level of investment by foreign nationals and corporations in economies, particularly in developing nations. This investment by foreigners has helped drive growth in many developing economies, although there is some concern that economic globalization has in fact increased the gap in wealth between developed and developing nations. Additionally, because developed economies have large sums of wealth available for investment in developing nations, there is concern that foreign direct investment may sometimes create bubble markets in these developing nations. While economic bubbles are not uncommon, their impact can be particularly acute on developing nations.
Surely some people are just starting to understand now, will they ask cross-border e-commerce to do well? You should answer such questions yourself. There is no industry in the world that can do it well. It depends on the individual whether it is good or not. I can only talk about the current market situation.
First domestic e-commerce
1. The domestic seller of Taobao, the development of domestic e-commerce, although the retail channel problem is solved, but on the other hand, the price of domestic goods is also transparent. However, the difficulty lies in the support of funds, and there are considerable risks. At the same time that the price is transparent, the costs of through trains and advertising are getting higher and higher. Sellers have to explore new channels. From this perspective, the price of Chinese goods is not transparent internationally. If you have innovative products or high-quality sources, then you are worth a try. After all, China’s manufacturing industry is still quite developed with low labor costs.
2. Domestic Taobao, including many domestic e-commerce platforms, is in the saturation period. Now you can only buy a store with a poor rating when you want to open a store. It is impossible to open a store. The domestic market is too saturated to develop. If you have to believe that this evil has bought a store with a poor rating, you think you can open it?
No, you still need to go through the through train to advertise and pay the bill. It also says that the ads are flying all over the sky, and the price is rising. Its cost can be imagined, not to mention whether you can sell it, you don’t even know if you are alive or not, how can you sell the goods?
Cross-border e-commerce
1. As for cross-border e-commerce, the cross-border market in 2019 is in the bonus period. Why do you say that? There are more than 400 million active consumers abroad, but there are only 4 million domestic sellers. It can be imagined that the market is in short supply. By this point, everyone should know that many people want to take a share. But it’s not easy to share a cup of ravioli. Want to know more about how to operate and how to better operate the store can follow me.
2. As a traditional foreign trade enterprise, Amazon cross-border e-commerce has erased traditional exporters, importers, foreign wholesalers and retailers, eliminating the cost of intermediate channels. Imagine today that the Internet is popular and online Check it out, the same products, more choices, lower prices, and the existence of such platforms is bound to affect traditional foreign trade. From this perspective, cross-border e-commerce is also the development trend of the future retail industry.
So, what are the advantages of entering Amazon cross-border in 2019?
1. Less sellers, more buyers, less competition
2. Amazon’s highest average unit price for global shopping platform
Comparison of the average customer unit price of global shopping websites. The average customer unit price of AliExpress is US $ 10. The average customer unit price of eBay is US $ 12. The average customer unit price of Wish12 is US $ 17.
3. Logistics advantages
Amazon Dedicated Logistics with more than 100 global operations centers will deliver goods to 185 countries and regions around the world
4. High profit
Amazon Europe customers have a high quality of life, most people shop online, and the profit per unit price is very high
5. Low return rate
99% of domestic e-commerce shipments are in China, and customer requirements are too high, which is prone to return and exchange.
We do Amazon Europe, North America, and five European countries (Germany, Italy, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom). The three North American countries (USA, Canada, Mexico) have relatively high consumption levels and comprehensive quality, and the return rate is extremely low. And profits are guaranteed.
Amazon permanently blacks out buyers with high return rates and supports sellers
6. Low store opening cost
Does not require too many devices, stores can register and log in to the cloud server, one computer can easily manage multiple stores
7. Low labor cost
Amazon does not have an instant messaging tool, and communicates with customers through email, and can reply to customers within 24 hours. Reduce customer service pressure.
8. Store Advantage
There is no limit to the number of items in the store, and no picture space is required
Amazon is the online retailer with the most variety of products in the world. It has a high reputation and reputation abroad. Amazon is geared towards developed countries and has a large buyer flow. The market space is larger. The Amazon platform has fair rules, high levels of sellers, and less vicious competition; Chinese sellers can use the exchange rate difference to earn more profits.
Foreign online shopping customers on the Amazon platform have relatively low price sensitivity and the highest product profits. Amazon has more than 400 million users worldwide, more than 3 million sellers and foreigners ’buying habits are contrary to the regular traffic of domestic e-commerce platforms. It is conceivable that there are still many blank markets on the platform, waiting to be filled. just started.
To prevent the spread of the coronavirus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is recommending that everyone wear non-surgical cloth masks while out in public. Experts have recently discovered that some people may be asymptomatic, making it difficult to self-diagnose. All Americans are now expected to take extra precaution. Fortunately, a DIY face mask is fairly easy to make. These cloth masks are intended to protect others from your germs. There are pre-fabricated surgical masks, but sometimes it’s more fun to make your own.
1. Make a Pattern Get a piece of paper and cut out a rough surgical mask shape. Hold it up to your own face and look in the mirror. Is it too big or small? Does it extend too close to your eyes or down below your chin? Keep trimming away paper until you have the shape you want. This is now the pattern for your surgical masks. If you’re planning on making lots of masks, transfer the paper pattern to sturdy cardboard.
2. Choose the Right Fabric Put your pattern over some soft, thick fabric. Draw the pattern onto the fabric as many times as necessary to make the number of masks you need. Leave a little extra to account for any mistakes you might make. After all, you can always trim the fabric a little, but you can’t put any back.
3. Cut the Fabric Cut 1/2-inch strips of the fabric. Fold these in half and sew them around the edges of your masks to make the edge strong and keep them looking even. These also make the seal a little stronger to keep your breath from spreading too much.
4. Add the Elastic Strips Attach elastic strips to the surgical masks so you can loop them around your ears, securing the surgical mask in place. You have many options. You can get small cords of elastic and run them through the top and bottom seams of the masks. You can simply sew the lengths of elastic cable to the masks at the top and bottom of the sides, making ear loops.
Try on the first surgical mask you make to ensure you’re on the right track. Make adjustments to the length of elastic for a tighter or looser fit. This is also an opportunity to see how the mask looks in use. If the elastic pulls the mask too close to your eyes, trim the next mask a little bit to see if you get a better fit.
